2016 ANNUAL REVIEW Ministry of Science and Technology

c. Applying advanced technology to reduce earthquake damage Since the 921 earthquake in 1999, NCREE has been cooperating with central and local government agencies in jointly promoting the "earthquake damage mitigation trilogy": (a) Building earthquake resistance assessment and reinforcing before an earthquake comes: A survey conducted after the February 6, 2016 Meinong earthquake in Kaohsiung discovered that 58 school buildings in Tainan that had undergone reinforcing were all free of structural damage. (b) Use of early warning technology during an earthquake: When an earthquake occurs, the earthquake early warning system will immediately be activated, and can provide early warning of 4-17 sec. even near the epicenter of earthquakes with magnitude 5 and above. (c) Use of early earthquake damage assessment to assist emergency response in the wake of an earthquake: After an earthquake has occurred, the Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System developed at NCREE can be used immediately after an earthquake to complete loss assessment within 1 min. using data from the Central Weather Bureau, MOTC, and can send text messages to the cell phones of disaster relief personnel informing of them of possible deaths and injuries, and the locations of possible damage. This system can thus assist the central government and city and county governments in mounting emergency response efforts. The "earthquake damage mitigation trilogy" is expected to effectively achieve its goal of "applying advanced technology to reduce earthquake damage". d. Rapid assessment technology for the seismic resistance of existing residential buildings The "Street House Seismic Resistance Website" established by NCREE can enable the public to perform self-assessment of the seismic resistance ability of their own homes. The government has recently introduced full-scale seismic health checkups for old buildings, and expects to provide large amounts of funding for seismic resistance assessment work, but there are still no plans for substantial improvement of the seismic resistance of old residential buildings. People who have doubts about the seismic resistance ability of their private homes after using this website will be able to save significant assessment costs, and can use the saved funds for reinforcing work, which will help achieve the goal of an earthquake-resistant homeland. e. Realizing applications of full fiber optic monitoring systems Researchers at NCREE have relied on the principles of buoyancy, connecting pipes, and flexible fiber optic gratings to construct a bridge fiber optic monitoring system suitable for long, multi-span bridges. This system is already being used for safety monitoring on Taipei's Dazhi Bridge, some sections of the High Speed Rail line, the Wuyang elevated highway section, bridges along Highway 86, and three newly-constructed bridges along the West Coast Expressway. Apart from use on bridges and elevated roadways, application of the system will be expanded to life support conduits and oil pipelines in the future. (5) National Nano Device Laboratories a. Next-generation nanometer element technologies and innovation Researchers at the National Nano Device Laboratories (NDL) have developed four types of smart gas sensing chips, which can be used to detect volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and formaldehyde. NDL has teamed up with the Lite-On Group in an industry-academic collaborative project to apply the micro-electromechanical process used to make these chips, which offer the advantages of tiny dimensions, low energy consumption, easy integration, and ability to accurately identify gases, and make the vision of "everyone carrying their own gas sensors" a possibility. b. Monolithic 3D image sensors NDL researchers have successful combined large-area monolayer TMDCs and low thermal budget monolithic 3D ICs in the development a monolithic 3D image sensor. The middle and upper layers of this sensor consist of a monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) optical sensor with a highly linear photoelectric current response to incident laser light (wavelength: 632nm), and the lower portion of the integrated 3D IC consists of a stackable 3D high-performance, low power consumption epitactic silicon nanowire transistor (subthreshold swing < 100mV/dec., driving current > 300uA/um) produced using a low thermal budget laser process (T sub < 400 ℃ ). c. Development of a rapid testing biochip diagnostic system NDL developed a rapid testing biochip diagnostic system able to detect the dengue virus and other severe illnesses. Because this newly- developed chip technology requires very little blood (0.05ml), yields results quickly (within 30 min.), and is simple and earth to automate, it can be developed into products suitable for use in MOST Ministry of Science and Technology Ministry of Science and Technology 64 2016 ANNUAL REVIEW